|5.1 DE
LITTERIS, QUE MITTUNTUR ELECTIS, ET DE RESPONSIONIBUS ELECTORUM
|5.1.1
Suffranganei Ierosolimitanum et capitulum litteras suo electo transmittunt.1
[1]
"Orientis ex alto2
gratia, que fidelium corda sancti spiritus illustratione clarificat, nostris
mentibus tantam contulit unionem, quod post decessum reverende memorie
.M. sancte resurrectionis ecclesie patriarche vos in patrem unanimiter
elegimus et pastorem. Unde rex et regnum, clerus totus, universe nationes
et populi magnificas laudes et sollmpnes gratias altissimo reddiderunt
variis linguis vestre sapientie magnalia3
extollentes. Nec linguarum varietas4
impediebat preconia referentum, quia devotiones consone| voluntates faciunt
uniformes. Ut ubi est uniformitas voluntatum, omnes conversiarum scrupuli
sopiuntur. Quare multi presagiunt, quod in tante concordie presagio Terra
Sancta liberabitur a dominio barbarorum. Exultent itaque Vercelle, quoniam
ipsarum presul vertitur in primatem, et qui erat unici gregis pastor, nunc
metropolitanorum multorum presul et ductor efficitur. Sic ergo fit ex episcopo
patriarch, patrum princeps et Christiani nominis defensator. Transmeare
igitur, quamcitius poteritis, dignabimini, scientes quod Terre Sancte status
vacillat et paternitatis vestre presentia indigemus velut filii, qui sepulto
patre iugiter ingemiscunt et nudati suffragiis orphanantur."
| [36vb]
P [46ra]
S | [37ra]
P [46va]
S consone | [37rb]
P
1On
Boncompagnus 5.1.1-4, see RUDOLF HIESTAND and HANS EBERHARD MAYER"Die
Nachfolge des Patriarchen Monarchus von Jerusalem" Basler Zeitschrift
für Geschichte und Altertumskunde 74 (1974) 109-130.
2
Luc. 1.78: Oriens ex alto
3
Act. 2.4: variis linguis: Act. 2.11: nostris linguis magnalia
Dei.
4
Est. 3.12: pro linguarum varietate.
5.1.2
Responsiva electi electioni consentientis.
[1]
"Reciso vinculo, quo mediante cartule impressio sigilli adheret, vestram
aperuimus paginam litterarum, in quarum principio per salutationis alloquium
gaudium recipimus peroptatum, sed narratione finita fuit homo interior
conturbatus, considerans quod humeros habet exterior inbecilles ad ferendum
patriarchale onus. Quare deficerent colla sub iugo,1
quia nescimus cum David psallere in psalterio decacordo2
neque cum electionis vase3
aperire misteria Scripturarum. Et quamquam ad Vercellensem episcopatum
fuerimus in partem sollicitudinis evocati, non tamen trahitur ad consequentiam,
quod patriarchalem sedem valeamus, prout expedit, gubernare, quia datum
fuit rigare Appollo, sed exhibere non poterat incrementum.4
Item, si secundum apostolum oporteat episcopum inreprehensibilem esse,5
multo magis patriarcham, qui episcoporum insufficientiam virtutibus et
meritis subportare tenetur. Nam et Terra Sancta sub tanto noscitur esse
discrimine constituta, quod excellentioris pastoris munimine indigeret
procul dubio refoveri. Verum quia preceptis domini pape contraire nequimus,
superinpositum subimus laborem, fraternitati vestre breviter intimantes,
quod quamcitius dederit oportunitas, procurabimus auxiliante domine trameare."
1
Jer. 27.12: colla vestra sub iugo regis.
2
Ps. 91.2 ff.: psallere... in decacordo psalterio.
3
Act. 9.15: vas electionis.
4
cf.Cor. 3.6: Ego plantavi, Apollo rigavit, sed Deum incrementum dedit.
5 1
Tim. 3.2: Oportet ergo episcopum inreprehensibilem esse.
5.1.3
Quidam amicus electi mittat sibi litteras et munera.
[1]
"Letare Ierusalem1
et conventum facite omnes, qui diligitis eam, quia pastorem habebitis et
primatem, qui Mare Rubrum siccis pedibus pertransibit2
et submersis Egypciis populum3
Domini reducet ad terram lacte et melle manantem,4
et ita liberabitur Sion a dominio barbarorum et preponetur Ierusalem in
medio leticie nostre,5
ubi cantabimus canticum Domini6
et filia Babilonis misera7
planget se super se,8
quia victoria sibi vertitur in dolorem.9
Nos autem, qui personam vestram sincera diligimus caritate, de vestri honoris
augmento plurimum congaudemus, dominationem et amicitiam vestram propensius
cogitantes, ut in quibuscumque placet vobis, precipere non tardetis, procul
dubio scientes, quia non deerit effectus, si possibilitas non defuerit
famulandi. Preterea in signum devotionis unum amicitie vestre transmittimus
palafredum, cuius non insistimus commendationi, volentes ut examinatio
bonitatis vobis fidem faciat equitando."
1
Soph. 3.14: Laetare... filia Ierusalem.
2
Jud. 5.13: isti pede sicco fundum maris perambulando transissent.
3 cf.
Exod. 15.4: submersi sunt in mare rubro.
4 Deut.
26.9: terram lacte et melle manantem.
5
Ps. 136.6: si non proposuero Ierusalem in principio laetitiae meae.
6
Ps. 136.4: Quomodo cantabimus canticum Domini.
7 Ps.
136.8: filia Babylonis misera. Apoc. 1.7: planget se super se.
8
XXXX
9
2 Reg. 19.2: versa est victoria in luctum.
5.1.4
Responsiva electi.1
[1]
"Ornatus epistole vestre stilus alta et profunda Scripturarum misteria
penetrans, presagivit altius commoda pro futura. Verum nos in bono proposito
ferventiuis animastis, egregium et optime ambulante, sicut experimento|
didicimus, nobis palafredum in signum dilectionis perpetue transmittentes,
quem ad proprie persone usum in vestri memoria retinemus, gerentes firmiter
in animo vestram amicitiam omni tempore gratis et mutuis obsequiis retinere."
experimento | [37va]
P
1
5.1.5
Aliquis amicus Constantinopolitani electi tales sibi litteras direxit.
[1]
"Meminimus dierum antiquorum generationes singulas cogitando, interrogavimus
patres et maiores nostros et non dixerunt nobis novum, quod nuper fecit
Dominus super terram. Divisit <....> et nova in azimis
conspersio celebretur."
5.1.6
Responsiva electi.
[1]
"Epistole vestre series picturata profunda eloquentie penetrando, sublimia
utriusque testamenti produxit repilogans dolosam temeritatem et abhominabilem
errorem Grecorum, qui sub acti Latinorum potentia false crudelitatis articulos
delinquere compelluntur. Nos autem in hiis gaudio gavisi sumus et quia
sulcando Maria transimus ad populos alienos, veram non desinimus amicitiam
rogitare, ut nos quandoque ad defocillandam animam vestris litteris et
nuntiis visitetis, scientes quod vobis aurum dirigere peroptamus et pallia
preciosa."
5.1.7
Littere Aquilensis capituli ad patriarcham electum.
[1]
"Aquilegenses ecclesia pastore languebat, sed omnium Consolator in promotione
vestra illam voluit consolari. Et ita post merorem suscepit gaudium geminatum,
quia tanta fuit concordia eligentium, quod nullius vocis dissonoritas post
electionem potuit comparere. Unde gaudet clerus, letatur ordo monasticus,
militia relorescit, populus iocundatur, cuncte dioceses clarescunt, provisorem
omnium sollempniter collaudantes, quod metropolitanum optinent et primatem,
qui universis et singulis patenaliter providebit et ecclesiam Domini a
pravorum incursibus defensabit. Nunc autem dignationem vestram attentius
deprecamur, ut elecioni facte dignemini consentire, nobis congruum terminum
prefigentes, qua dominationi vestre occurre cum solempnitate celeberrima
debeamus."
5.1.8
Responsiva electi electioni consentientis.
[1]
"Si Aquilegensis ecclesia, que quasi aqua legalis per iustitie transit
canales, defuncto pastore languebat, et de nobis et in nobis, quos ad patriarchale
fastigium perelegit, seipsam appetit consolari, gaudemus et in Domino plurimum
colletamur, dummodo nostre parvitatis merita predecessoris vestigia subsequentur.
Verum qualescumque simus, electionem vestram| suscipimus cum actionibus
gratiarum, et eidem prout ordo canonicus exigit consentimus, nostri adventus
terminum vestro arbitrio relinquentes."
vestram
| [37vb]
P
5.1.9
Littere Tolletani capituli ad archiepiscopum electum.
[1]
"Ecce quam bonum et quam iocundum <....> gratia et
honore suscipere debeamus."
5.1.10
Responsiva electi electioni consentientis.
[1]
"Sicut unguentum in capite gratum inducit dulcorem, ita verbi Davitici
preconium <....>, quandocumque placebit venire Tolletum."
5.1.11
Littere alicuius amici vel aliquorum ad archiepiscopum electum, in quibus
fit interpretatio nominis archiepiscopi.
[1]
"In choro et tympano incordis et organo psallimus <....>
devotionis tributum, cum placebit, requirere non postponat."
5.1.12
Responsiva electi.
[1]
"In litteris artificiosis interpretationibius coloratis possumus evidentius
intueri, quod in vobis regnat omnimode litterature vigor, fluit ut roseloquium
<....>
et vobis amicabilia solatia optamus."
5.1.13
Littere capituli Remensis ad abbatem Claravalensem, qui est in archiepiscopum
electus.
[1]
"Bonorum omnium Elargitor, qui fidelium actus in sue beneplacito voluntatis
disponit, actiones et voluntates nostra ita reddidit uniformes, quod post
felicis <decessum> memorie .W.1
archiepiscopi Remensisi vos in patrem elegimus et pastorem. Unde gaudet
ecclesia, serenissimus rex Francorum plurimum conletatur et plebs universa
congaudet, quod Claravallensis abbas2
obtinet sedem Remensem, qui virtutum claritudine metropolitanam faciet
ecclesiam refulgere. Vestram igitur sanctitatem confidentius exoramus,
quatinus electionem recipere dignemini, nobis terminum aliquem prefigentes,
in quo pro vobis| venire honorabiliter debeamus."
vobis | [38ra]
P
1 Guilielmus
de Champagne (1176-1202) or Guido de Paredo, abbot of Citeaux (elected
1194-1200) and cardinal bishop of Preneste (elevated 1200), archbishop
of Rheims (1204-1206). Innocent III named Guido archbishop of Rheims after
the chapter had failed to elect a new candidate following papal rejection
of Phillip of Dreux, bishop of Beauvais, who was backed by Philipp Augustus
and part of the chapter. As archbishop of Rheims, Guido de Paredo retained
his cardinalate but renounced the bishopric of Preneste.
2 Guido, abbbot of Clairvaux
(1193-1213). He was of the royal family (Manrique 1.507) and refused an
election as archibishop of Rheims (when??). For the letter of renunciation
he sent to the electors, see BALUZE ed. Miscell. 2.245.
5.1.14
Responsiva electi electioni renuntiantis.
[1]
"Licet fueritis in eligendo concordes, in electionis tamen serie oberastis,
cum illum duxistis ad secularia revocare, qui iam postposito in arche ministerio
appetit celestia contemplari. Ne igitur in vanum laboretis, vobis tenore
presentium innotescat, quod electionem penitus renuntio, nec unquam alicuius
honorem suscipiam presulatus."
5.1.15
Littere iterum capituli Remensis ad eundem.
[1]
"Ecclesia Remensis fracto archiepiscopali temone sine remige1
naufragatur, et idcirco vos eligimus in archipresulem et pastorem, quoniam
in alio nequimus esse concordes. Unde miramur, quod electioni tam concorditer
facte renuntiare duxistis, non attendentes quod beatissimus Nicholaus et
Martinus conservando regule monastice disciplinam in pontificalibus cathedris
resederunt, in quibus multa caritatis opera exercentes signis et miraculis
corruscarunt, et hodie ipsorum merita noscuntur in domo Domini relucere.
Paternitati vestre igitur confidentius supplicamur, ut votis nostris clementer
annuere dignemini, et electioni facte dilatione postposita consentire.
Alioquin per summum pontificem cogemini subire archiepiscopale onus, quod
ad subicibiles et humiles persuasiones fidelium suscipere denegastis."
1 See
above, 5.1.13,
note 2
5.1.16
Responsiva electi contradicentis.
[1]
"Cum nuper inter Claravalensis ordinis fratres in pace solita permanerem
fratrum regimini exassumpte amministrationis, immo servitutis officio superintendens,
insufficientie mee vestris litteris intimastis, quod me in archiepiscopum
elegeratis, cuius electioni renuntiavi penitus prout meis litteris potuistis
evidentius intueri. Sed postmodum ex parte universitatis vestre fuerunt
michi littere apportate, in quibus continebatur, quod me per summum pontificem
cogeretis, in quo plurimum fui secundum utramque hominem conturbatus, quia
non decet ordinem monachalem in archiepiscopali cathedra residere, et maxime
cum iuxta nominis interpretationem 'monachus' 'unus tristis' dicatur, et
'monasterium' 'statio unius'. Non esset igitur mutatio dextere excelsi,
sed fieret ordo retrogradus et regressibilis ad mundanda. Ceterum quid
monachus in urbe vel qui debet agere solitarias inter plebeias catervas,
diceretur, quid a multis bene dimisit seculum, ut transitoria fugeret et
caduca, et iterum velud canis immundissimus revertitur ad vomitum, et qui
consueverat legumina summere cum actionibus granarum? Nunc mella
fastidit et cibaria delicata, super palafredum rotans undique falleratum,
inebriando se vino, in quo est luxuria loco aque simplicis, quam sumi predicat
regula monachalis. Nec tenet similitudo, quam de beatissimis Nicholao et
Martino propositis, quia tunc non habebant castella et arces ecclesie cathedrales
nec incedebant pontifices loricati. Sed nunc propter superabuntantiam temporalium
rerum, flamma, ferro, cede possessiones ecclesiarum prelati defendunt,
quas deberent pauperibus errogare. Quapropter electioni renuntiavi et iterato
renuntio, cupiens sedere ad pedes Domini cum Maria. Quicquid dominus papa
referat, qui licet ligandi et solvendi habeat potestatem, non tamen debet
nec valet Sanctum Spiritum prohibere." |
prohibere | [38rb]
P
5.1.17
Littere alicuius vel aliquorum ad cardinalem electum.'1
[1]
"Benedicimus Deum celi, qui personam nostram facit in cardinalatus officio
sedere ad dexteram iudicantis, cui concessa est ligandi et solvendi potestas,
de quo <....> vobis per omnia famulari."
1 Roger
of Howden Chron. (STUBBS ed. RIS 2.171) speaks of the election
of William of Sens at the Third Lateran Council in 1179: In quo concilio
Willelmus Remensis archiepiscopus per communem fratrum electionem, concedente
Alexandro summo pontifice, factus est prebyter cardinalis ad titulum sanctae
Sabinae. Cited by WERNER MALECZEK Papst und
Kardinalkolleg von 1191 bis 1216 (Vienna 1984) 311 note 89. Cf. the
idea of a cancellarius electus, below, 5.1.23.
5.1.18
Responsio cardinalis.
[1]
"Vestrarum pagina litterarum nobis plenius <....> obsequia
tamquam amicorum specialium requiremus."
5.1.19
Littere Lucensis capituli ad suum electum.
[1]
"Lucensis ecclesia, que meritis ammirabilis et ymaginis Iesu Christi
lucessit, propter electionis discordiam diutius vacillavit, unde consuete
lucis radius erat plurimum obfuscatus. Demum videntes quod ora erat surgere
desumpno discordie fraternalis, lumen quos <....> materiam
votis nostris benignum prebeatis assensum."
5.1.20
Responsiva electi elecioni consentiendis.
[1]
"Volentes ne Lucensis ecclesiae claritas per discordie calginem tenebretur,
electionem vestram recipimus et vestre per omnia conscendimus voluntati."
5.1.21
Littere alicuius, qui diligit Novariensem1
electum.
[1]
"Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel, quia visitavit et fecit redemptionem
ecclesie Novariensis, que orbata pastore nigrebat, et dum per devia dissimilitudinis
oborraret, ipsius gressus direxit Omnipotens in semita veritatis. Unde
a Novaria rem novam et non variam et de Bononia doctorem2
per omnium bonum et principalem canonici iuris columpnia in pastorem sibi
eligit, de cuius promotione, licet ipsa letetur, ordo tamen scolastice
quidem illius fonte hauriebat aquas, quibus ignorantie sicim assidue repellebat,
multipliciter ingemiscit. Nos vero tanto amplius de vestri honoris augmento
gaudemur, quanto vobis fuiumus specialiori dilectionis vinculo copulati
et per operum exhibitionem ferventius in eodem proposito consistere peroptamus."3
1Lucensem
B
2Oddo
Casali (1194-1196), Petrus Verolla (1197-1209), Gerardus de Sessa (1209-1211),
Odelbertus Tornielli (1213-1235).
3Boncompagno
seems to be speaking with his own voice here. See below, 5.1.22.
5.1.22
Responsiva electi.
[1]
"Vestre laudis preconium nos atollit, non extollit, sed si fama consonat
veritati, potestis merito gratulari, quia vobis tamquam principalibus amicis
erit vestre felicitatis possessio fructuosa."
5.1.23
Littere, quas direxi ad cancellarium electum.1
[1]
"Facie alacri et hore iocundo solito iocundius glorifico patrem altissimum,
qui per figurate gratie renovationem vos sedere facit iuxta Petri vicarium
Innocentium, qui ligat et nemo solvit, solvit et nemo ligat.2
Sic enim illi Iohanni figuramini, de quo legitur 'Hic est discipulis,
quem| dilegebat Ihesus,'3cuius
nominis non equivocatio, sed paritas gratiosum denotat incrementum. Unde
Christi vicarius et magister catholice fidei non magis ex proxima consanguinitatis
linea4 quam
virtutum meritis vel scientia gratia vos in cancellarium preelegit, dicens
'Ecce,
hic est filius meus qui providentie clavibus ianuas iustitie turbis fidelium
reserabit, equitatis cancellum sera iuris canonici fortius5
refirmando, ne infreniti et effrenes tumultuare debeant ad pacem
vota petentium perturbandam.' Ceterum de honoris
vestri augmento me non ambigitis congaudere et idcirco inenarrabilia cordis
mei gaudia verbis amplius exprimere non adnitor."
quas
direxi MP3R: Boncompagni PB2S
et hore (ore BP3): in hore R iocundo hore tr. S
solito: solitus R glorifico: gratifico S
per: pro A iuxta: iusta B2
Innocentium om. A
illi: qui add. B
quem | [38va]
P nominis om. AS
fidei: et add. A meus
R: tuus ASB2MB tuis
turbis ABRSP3: turbus turb~ M
reserabit: reserabat P3
sera: cera A refirmando: reformando
S infirmando B infreniti
R: infroniti ABB2S
debeant AR: debent vota R: iuxta MS
iusta ABB2P3
petentium: potentium S
ambigitis: ambiguitis S
mei om. P3
verbis: vobis S
More joyfully than customary, with eager face and joyful mouth I glorify
the Highest Father, who, through a renewal of prefigured grace makes you
sit next to the vicar of Peter, Innocent, who, when he binds, no one may
loosen, and when he loosens, no one may bind. For thus you may be
likened to that John, about which one reads ‘This is the disciple whom
Jesus loved,’ the gracious addition of whose name denotes not equivocation
but parity. Whence the vicar of Christ and master of the catholic
faith has selected you as chancellor, nor more from the close line of consanguinity
than from the merits of virtues or gracious knowledge, saying ‘Behold,
this is my son, who, with the keys of providence will disbar the doors
of justice for the throng of faithful, strongly confirming the chancel
of equity with the bar of canon law, lest headstrong and unruly persons
make a disturbance against the peace, disrupting the (just) hopes of petitioners.’
Finally, do not doubt that I rejoice in this increase of your honor, and
thereby I do not take pains to further express the indescribable joys of
my heart.
1
Johannes, cardinal deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin (papal chancellor from
late 1205 to 1213). See CHRISTOPHER CHENEY "The Office and Title
of the Papal Chancellor 1187-1216" AHP 22 (1984) 369-376; WERNER
MALECZEK Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191-1216 (Vienna 1984) 136-137,
R. VON HECKEL "Studien über die Kanzleiordnung Innocenz III" Historische
Jahrbuch 57 (1937). He possessed three benefices in England,
and was privileged by king John on 24.4.1205. --- On the idea of a chancellor-elect,
cf. a letter to a cardinal-elect in Boncompagnus 5.1.17.
2
Cf. Apoc. 3.7
3
Joh. 13.23. See also Boncompagnus 2.4.5.
4
See Boncompagnus 1.20.15.
For other nepotes pape, see Boncompagnus 2.4.5,
2.5.3,
3.1.6,
5.1.23.
On the theme, see W. REINHARD "Nepotism. Der Funktionswandel einer papstgeschichtliche
Konstanten" ZKG 86 (1975) 145-185. For the nephews of cardinals,
see Quinque tabule salutationum 4.21.
On Innocent III’s nepotism, see E. WINKELMANN Forschungen zur deutschen
Geschichte 9.456 (list of his relatives, added to in Philipp von Schwaben
[Leipzig 1873] 1.93 note 6), 10.252 (unter Innocenz III der Nepotismus
in voller Blüthe gestanden), GREGOROVIUS 5.40, A. VON REUMONT
Geschichte der Stadt Rom 2.474.
5
For a letter of a bishop-elect to the chancellor of a king, with a response,
Boncompagnus
5.4.13-14.
5.1.24
Littere, quas direxi ad cardinalem Gualam.1
Boncompagno
sends Guala Bischieri a letter of congratulation on his elevation to cardinal
deacon of S. Maria in Porticu. The preamble plays on etymologies
of ‘Peter’ and ‘cardinal’ (1§). Etymologies for ‘Guala’
are constructed from ‘winged tongue’ and ‘nurturing tongue’, which praises
the new cardinal’s eloquence and legal learning (2§-3§).
This letter has been added to the Boncompagnus to immortalize Guala’s
name, in recompense for the poem Guala composed about Boncompagno’s Liber
de obsidione Ancone (4§).
[Date: 1206]
[1]
"A solis ortus cardine usque ad terre limitem iam resonuit, quod summus
pontifex,2
qui a Petro petra firmissima dici potest, vos inter ecclesie cardines constituit
cardinalem, ut domus Domini firmius roboretur et vestre sapientie colla
propitiabili vicissitudine supportet onera impotentum."
quas
direxi AMP3R: Boncompagni PB2S
ad cardinalem Gualam legi: ad cardinalem Walam codd.
cardinali Wale BP3
ortus RB2: ortu ABP3
resonuit: resonavit A quod om.
B cardines: cardinales
SP3 onera: honera
SP3
It resounds from the cardinal point of the rising sun up to the limit of
the earth, that the high pontiff, who from ‘Peter’ can be called the most
firm rock (petra), has constituted you cardinal among the cardinal
pivots of the church, so that the house of Lord would be more firmly strengthened,
and the neck of your Wisdom would support the burdens of the powerless
in propitiable vicissitude.
1
Guala Bischieri (ca. 1150-1227). See articles by R. AUBERT in DHGE
XX.492-5, and by C.D. FONSECA in
Lexikon des Mittelalters 2.125-6.
For a congratulatory letter written to a cardinal-elect by someone enjoying
his patronage, and a response: Boncompagnus 5.1.17-18.
Boncompagnus 3.10.2
describes Guala’s 1208-1209 legation to France; see WERNER MALECZEK Papst
und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216 (Vienna 1984) 142.
His legation to England is documented by NICHOLAS VINCENT ed. The letters
and charters of Cardinal Guala Bicchieri, papal legate in England, 1216-1218
The Canterbury and York Society 83 (Woodbridge : Boydell, 1996).
2
Innocent III, pope (1198-1216).
[2]
"Vobis quidem proprium nomen est Guala, idest 'lingue ala', que sibi ex
virtutum incremento 'alteram' geminat 'alam', quarum penne primeva doctrina
liberalium artium deargentate refulgent1
et postmodum Scripturarum misteria penetrantes nullatenus restrinxerunt
volatum, quousque montes et convallia canonici et civilis iuris undique
regirarent.2
Unde singule possessoris partes philosophico rubent decore."
est
om.
S Guala R: Wala codd.
Walla S virtutum: virtute
A alteram: sibi add.
A convallia: corvallia?
convallia: iur~ A possessoris: possessores A
‘Guala’ indeed is a proper name for you, that is, ‘wing of the tongue’
(lingue ala), which by the increment of virtues doubles for itself
‘another wing’, whose silvered feathers radiate the primeval doctrine of
the liberal arts, and after penetrating the mysteries of Scripture, they
in no way restrain flight, until they wheel everywhere about the mountains
and valleys of canon and civil law. Whence each part of the possessor
flushes with philosophical luster.
1
Psal. 67.14.
2
For this pun on ruling/wandering (regere/regirare or regyrare):
Mirra
5.1 and
Boncompagnus prol.
1.1,
1.23.5.3,
4.1.8.8,
5.4.10.5.
From the authentica Habita on, a professor was considered to rule
his classes, hence the Regius professor of Modern History at Oxford.
Palma 45
and Boncompagnus 1.21.2,
1.25.4.,
3.19.8
use this verb more conventionally.
[3]
"Vel dicimini 'Guala' quasi 'lingua alens', quia de verbo, quod huius plectro
'lingue' formatur, grex Domini cibo prius reficitur spirituali et demum
in civilibus et criminalibus controversiis ipsum a litis patrocinio. Unde
velud causarum patronus precipius militatis,1
qui gloriose vocis munimine solam nitimini iustitiam pretueri."
Guala
legi: Wala codd. Walla S
civilibus: civilibet M patrocinio: veneramini add.
A qui B2
MBSP3: quod R
nitimi: aptatis A
Or
you are called ‘Wala’, as if ‘nurturing the tongue’; because from the word
which is formed from the plectrum of this ‘tongue’, the flock of the Lord
is first fed with spiritual food, and thereafter it <is defended> in
civil and in criminal trials by legal representation. Whence you
specially serve like a patron of causes, who strives to protect justice
with the glorious shield of the voice.
1
Guala demonstrated expertness in chancery procedure in his Libellus
de formis petitionum secundum cursum Romane curie ed. VON HECKEL Archiv
für Urkundenforschung 1 (1908) 502-510, composed at Rome in 1226.
--- For Boncompagno’s ideas of patronage, see Oliva 51.3, Boncompagnus
4.4.11, 6.3.13 and his Prooemium ad Summam Codicis Azonis.
[4]"Iuste
igitur iudicando mei dignabimini recordari, ad cuius laudem super compositione
Anconitani libelli1
fecistis carmina digna favore. Quare hanc epistolam in illius laudis recompensationem
huic libro duxi recompensabiliter annotandam,2
ut nomen vestrum semper famosum et celebre habeatur."
A
1
2
5.1.25
Responsiva cardinalis.
[1]
"Non sunt condigne nostre laudes ad exprimandam gloriam philosophi perorantis,
qui tam eloquentia quam ingenio mira claritate refulget, sicut in nostri
nominis interpretatione videmus. Ex eo enim quod memoriam nostram in libro
vestro1
perpetuare duxistis, amicitie vestre grates referimus copiosas, spondentes
firmiter quod quantumcumque altius dignitatis alis vel scientie volitemus,2
tanto amplius erit vobis ad augmentum perpetuum et honorem. "
Responsiva
cardinalis: De remissione que fieri potuisset P3
philosophi RB2M: philosophy ABS
nominis nostri tr. B2 quod:
me add. P3
vestram: nostram P3 perpetuare: perpetuali P3
quantumcumque: quantum B2 quanto B quant~ P3
dignitatis: diligatis B2
Our
praises are not worthy to express the glory of the philosophical orator,
who shines with marvelous clarity, as much from eloquence as talent, just
as we see in the interpretation of our name. For the reason that
you have been led to perpetuate our memory in your book, we refer copious
thanks to Your Friendship, firmly pledging that however much higher you
fly with the wings of office or of knowledge, that much fuller will there
be for you to perpetual augmentation and honor.
1
ie an early recension of Boncompagnus.
2
For images of flight: Boncompagnus 1.18.14,
1.23.2-6,
1.23.8,
1.25.30,
3.3.2,
3.13.14, 4.1.6,
4.2.3,
4.5.8,
5.1.24, 5.20.1,
6.7.4,
6.8.12.
See also Salimbene de Adam Cronica ed. GIUSEPPE SCALIA (Bari 1966)
109, which claims that Boncompagno once attempted to fly with fabricated
wings. Although Salimbene’s incident resembles a conflation of the
tricks Boncompago claims to have staged on the Bolognese in Boncompagus
1.18.5
and 14,
those tricks should not necessarily be taken as having literally occurred--indeed
they should more likely be taken as fictions. Salimbene was also
deluded by the intentionally falsified letter (and thus revealed as a fictional
model) of Palma 47-49,
which he reports as fact and conflates with the real facts that Boncompagno
composed a work on old age and died in a Florentine hospital: Iste magister
Boncompagnus, cum esset sollemnis dictator, ex consilio amicorum suorum
ad curiam Romanam accessit, volens experiri si forte ex dictamine suo Romane
curie posset gratiam invenire. Quam cum non invenisset, recedens
inde factus iam senex, ad tantam devenit inopiam, quod oportuit eum apud
Florentinum in quodam hospital vitam finire.
5.1.26
Littere, quas direxi magistro Iacobo1
theologo Veronensi electo.
Boncompagno sends
a letter of congratulation to the master of theology, Jacobus de Bregantia,
on his election to the bishop of Verona. After Boncompagno’s
preamble (§1), his letter to bishop-elect Jacob is formed from the
words of three speakers: the bride of Christ (Roman church) first addresses
Jacob in words mainly drawn from the Song of Songs (§2-§4), the
Lord speaks to the cardinals (§5), cardinal Stephan Comes responds
to the Lord (§5, this speech is indirectly reported), finally the
bride of Christ (Roman church) speaks again, perhaps to the cardinals,
more likely to the whole Christian faithful (§7-§8 ).
[Date: 1225 (latest letter included in the Boncompagnus)]
[1]
"Sponsa Christi sacrosancta Romana ecclesia, que orbem terrarum provido
consilio moderatur, sue benignitatis oculis respexit vigilem vel custodem,2
qui sicut mirre fascisculus est inter pagine divine ubera commoratus.3
Unde sibi dixit tanquam filio et alumpno:4
rubr.
Littere providi viri Iacobi qui in episcopum Veronensem est electus S
oculis: occulis P3 om. R
ubera: verba RB
The bride of Christ, the holy Roman church, which rules the world with
farseeing counsel, regards with benign eyes this vigil and church-warden,
which has lived like a bundle of myrrh among the words of the divine page.
Whence it speaks to him as to a son and to a pupil:
1
Jacobus de Bragantia (Breganze, 10 miles north of Vicenza), bishop of Verona
(1225-1252), papal provision on 1 March 1225. UGHELLI Italia Sacra
5.838: Eius memoria extat in vita S. Theodori episcopi Veronensis, sub
cuius praesulatu eiusdem divi cadaver inventum fuit in cathedrale...Ferunt
Iacobum fuisse e nobili familia comitum de Bregantia Vicentina, nuper
(ie. 1720) extincta. The Vita S. Theodori is
edited in AASS Sept. VI. 25 (BHL 8089). For the bishops
of Verona, see G. EDERLE Dizionario cronologico bio-bibliografico dei
vescovi di Verona (Verona: Vita Veronese, 1965). Honorius III
sent two letters to Jacob as bishop-elect, in June and September of 1225.
5.1.26 is probably the latest letter to be included in the Boncompagnus.
2
Cant. 3.3, and 1.5, 5.7, 8.11. The title of custos (ie churchwarden)
is unexpected term of address for a theologian and bishop-elect--a custos
did not even need to be in orders. For a discussion of a similarly
unusual and expectected appearance of a churchwarden (mhg. klosenaere)
in Walther von der Vogelweide’s Reichston, see ANTON E. SCHÖNBACH
Beiträge
zur Erkarung altdeutcher Dichtwerke, II SB Wien, Phil-hist. Kl. 145
(1903) 3-8.
3
Cant. 1.12.
4
It should not suprise that the divine page itself speaks through the mouth
of the Roman church: in the prologue
to the
Boncompagnus that work engages in a long dialogue with its
author, and in a literary testament,
the author institutes the work as his principal heir.
[2]
"'Botrus Cipri dilectus meus michi in vineis Engaddi,1
de racemis quarum expressit vinum, quod fuit Samaritani vulneri superfusum.2
Hic etiam vineam Domini Sabaoth, idest gregem scolasticum fideliter custodivit
et immaculatam legem Domini legitimos ecclesie filios docuit et instruxit,
qui possunt dici vinee florentes, que suum reddunt odorem.'"3
Cipri:
Cypri P3 superfusum: superinfusum
S odorem: hodorem M honorem A
‘My beloved is unto me as a cluster of camphor in the vineyards of Engedi,
from whose grape clusters wine is pressed, which was poured out on the
Samaritan’s wound. He also keeps faithfully the Sabbath, the vineyard
of the Lord, that is the scholastic flock, and keeps the law of the Lord
immaculate, teaches and instructs the legitimate sons of the church, who
can be called the blooms of the vineyard, which give it its fragrance.’
1
Cant. 1.13. See FRIEDRICH OHLY Hohelied-Studien: Grundzuege einer
Geschichte der Hoheliedauslegung des Abendlandes bis um 1200 (Wiesbaden,
F. Steiner, 1958); ANN W. ASTELL The Song of songs in the Middle Ages
(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990); .E. ANN. MATTER The voice
of my beloved: the Song of Songs in western medieval Christianity (Philadelphia
: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990)
2
Luc. 10.34. Cf. Oliva 1.8.
3
Cant. 2.13.
[3]
"'Vox enim eius est dulcis et in ipsius labiis eloquentie| gratia est
diffusa, et quoniam plurimos ad iustitiam erudivit, tamquam splendor firmamenti
fulgebit et sicut stella matutina in eternitates perpetuas corruscabit;
maxime cum sciat capere vulpeculas, que vineam Domini satagunt demoliri.1
Nec per suorum greges sodalium inceperit evagari,2
qui relicta vena viventium aquarum, que fluunt impetu de Libano,3
meditantur in legibus Ulpiani et inherent scientie positive,4
que animas non conservat.'"
Vox:
Uxor A eloquentie | [38vb]
P diffusa: diffussa M
erudivit: eratlivit M fulgebit om.
R et sicut--relicta om. A
corruscabit: choruscabit R demoliri:
demolliri B Lybano R
et inherent R (inheret A): ut haberent R
non om. B
‘For his voice is sweet and the grace of eloquence is diffused in his
lips, et since he has instructed many to justice, he shines like the splendor
of the heavens, and just as the morning star he sparkles in perpetual eternities,
especially since he knows how to catch the little foxes which try to demolish
the Lord’s vineyard. Nor did he begin to wander through the flocks
of their companions, who having left behind the veins of the living waters
which flow with force from Lebanon, they meditate on the laws of Ulpian
and cleave to positive science which does not conserve their souls.’
1
Cant.
2.14-15.
2
Cant. 1.6
3
Cant. 4.15
4
See STEPHAN KUTTNER "Sur les origines du terme ‘droit positif’" Revue
historique du droit francais et etranger 15 (1936) 728-40.
[4]
"'Noluerunt etiam accipere librum de manu angeli neque devorare ipsum,1
ut faceret amaricare ventres eorum2
ad hoc, quod dulcedo remaneret in hore. Sed receperunt librum de manu trebatii,3
sententia cuius in sterquilinio meruit optinere. Unde non merebuntur videre
aquam egredientem de Templo a latere dextro,4
idest theologicam facultatem, que sola residebit in dextro latere iudicantis,
quando lingue cessabunt et mundana sapientia destruetur.5
Patet igitur per oppositum, quod infertur, quod a sinistris per finitivam
sententiam locabuntur et mittentur in ollam succensam,6
quam vidit per divine revelationis misterium Ieriamias, ex eo precipue
quod solvere nesciverunt, quid sit forcipem sumere de calculo7
et quid significare habeant mane, tecel, phares.'"8
amaricare:
amari B2 amari carere M
hore: ore RBP3 trebatii:
trebani RB sententia cuius om.
B (vacat spatium octo elementarum)
cuius: cum add. A sterquilinio:
saquiliniio B2 optinere:
obtinere R merebuntur: merebatur
R dextro: dexstro B2 destro
theologicam: catholicam M lingue:
lingua sapientia: scientia A
sinistris: et add. B
per finitivam: per diffinitivam SP3
succensam: succenssam M
Ieriamias: Geremias S precipue
tr.
M post quod sumere:
summere S calculo: canulo R
tecel: et tecel BR tachel B2
phares: et prem. B
‘They also had not wished to accept the Book from the hand of the angel,
nor to devour it, so that it would make their stomachs embittered, for
the purpose that sweetness would remain in the mouth. But they received
the Book from the hand of the thresher, whose sentence merits to obtain
in a manure-heap. Whence they did not deserve to see water flowing
from the Temple on the left side, that is the theological faculty, which
alone will be seated on the left of the Judge, when tongues cease and worldly
wisdom is destroyed. Thus it is evident by the opposite which is
inferred, that they assigned a definitive sentence from the left sides
and were sent into a burning jar, which Jeremia saw through the mystery
of divine revelation, for the special reason that they had not known what
it might be to lift up the forceps from the burning coal and what mane,
tachel, phares have to signify.’
1
Apoc. 10.9.
2
Apoc. 10.9.
3
Cf. Boncompagnus 1.23.3:
Trebatium venerantur sententia cuius in sterquilino, idest in curis
secularibus meruit obtinere. Ital. trebbiare = to thresh.
The pun there involves the fact that certain parts of the textbook of canon
law, Gratian’s
Decretum, were known as palea (chaff)
4
Ezech. 47.1-2.
5
I Cor. 13.8
6
Jer. 1.13.
7
Isai. 6.6.
8
Dan 5.25. Phares is used as the personification of division
in the Epistola mandativa ad comites palatinos 5,
13
and as an example of aspiration in
Boncompagnus 1.2.16.
These examples include a number of Hebrew words. In addition, Boncompagno
discusses Hebrew epistolary style in Quinque tabule salutationum
1.32,
where he says that Paul uses the second person in salutations in imitation
of Hebrew custom. For remarks on Hebrew punctuation, see Palma
43.
For the use of Hebrew in late twelfth and early thirteenth century theology,
see BERYL SMALLEY
The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages (Oxford
1952).
[5]
"Verum quia mater ecclesia dilectum suum invenit sollicitum et fidelem
inter electos vigiles et custodes1
et fructus illius gutturi suo dulcissimus videbatur,2
idcirco dixit Dominus cardinalibus: 'Vidistis et ego inveni, quem diligit
anima mea.'3
Cui Stephanus4
sancti Adriani diaconus cardinalis, qui eum Parisius noverat primo, respondit,
asserens quod vere Iacobus vocabatur, idest vitiorum et criminum supplantator,5
cuius assertionem approbant domini cardinales."
cardinalibus:suis
add.
A Cui: Cuius B
qui--respondit om. P3
asserens RA: afferens assertionem:
assertiones P3 assumptioni R
Indeed because mother church has found her beloved solicitous and faithful
among the chosen vigils and church-wardens, and his fruit may seem the
sweetest to her throat, therefore the Lord said to the cardinals: ‘You
have seen and I have found that one whom my soul loves.’ Stephen,
cardinal deacon of S. Hadrian’s, who knew him at Paris, first responded
to Him, stating that he was truly called Jacob, that is ‘supplanter of
crimes and of vices’, whose assertions the lord cardinals approved.
1Cant.
3.3, and 1.5, 5.7, 8.11. See above §1.
2
Cant. 2.3.
3
Cant. 3.1-3. There is ambiguity as to whether God or the pope speaks
here: ie. whether Dominus should be capitalized as a
nomen sacrum.
In either case, the promotion of Jacob seems from this account to have
taken place by papal postulation, rather than through his election by the
Veronese clergy. For his promotion, see A. SPAGNOLO "Il clero Veronese
nelle elezione del vescovo (1080-1338)" Atti e memorie dell’Accad. di
Verona 84 (ser. 4 v. 9, 1909) 97ff. For recent bibliography on
the see of Verona and its bishops, see DARIO SAVOIA "Verona e Innocenzo
III (nuovi documenti sulle chiese veronesi)" Studi storici Veronesi
35 (1985) 81-140, 36 (1986) 233-287. I have not seen the pamphlet
of DARIO CERVATO Adelardo cardinale vescovo di Verona (1188-1214) et
legato pontificio in Terra Santa (1189-1191) (Verona 1991) [reviewed
in DA 49 (1993) 318 and judged to be insufficently researched--author
did not know RUDOLF HIESTAND’s Habil.Schrift Die päpstliche Legaten
aud den Kreuzzügen... (1972) 2 vols.].
4
Stephanus Comes, cardinal deacon of S. Adriano (1216-1228), cardinal priest
of S. Maria in Trastevere (1228-1254). The Parisian studies of Stephan,
who was Innocent III's nephew, are discussed in WERNER MALECZEK Papst
und Kardinalskolleg 197.
5
Hieronymus Liber interpretationis Hebraicorum nominum (Turnhout
1959) CCL 72.67 line 19, gives the etymology of Jacob as ‘supplantor’.
‘Of crimes and vices’, the addition by cardinal Stephan, clearly violates
the sense of Genesis 27.36, where Esau accuses Jacob of supplanting him
in his birthright as Isaac’s firstborn son.
[6]
"Sponsa ergo celestis ministrorum suorum testimonio roborata dixit:"
Thus said the heavenly bride, confirmed by the testimony of her ministers:
[7]
"'Tenebo igitur eum nec dimittam, donec preficiam illum ecclesie Veronensi,
ut Marie contemplationem exerceat et Marthe ministerium non omittat. Erit
igitur episcopus animarum, antistes ad pugnam, presul ad presidium et pontifex
ad constantiam illibatam, quia necessarium est, quod in ecclesia illa floreat
sicut amigdalus,1
ut capparis dissipetur,2
producat cedros tamquam Libanos,3
ut vires facere non possunt lambruscas.'"4
Veronensi:
Veronensis S contemplationem:
contemplationi R et om.
R omittat: obmittat A P3 ommittat M
illa om. P3
capparis M (caparis B): caperis SP3 cathari A vacet spatium
sex elementarum B2
dissipetur: dissipentur A discipetur M
lambruscas: labruscas ABP3
‘Therefore I will hold him and will not send him away, until I put him
in authority over the church of Verona, so that he may exercise the contemplation
of Mary and he may not omit the ministry of Martha. Thus he will
be a bishop of souls, an antistes for battle, a presul for defense and
a pontiff for unharmed constancy, because it is necessary that he flourish
in that church like an almond tree, so that the caper may be dissipated;
that he bring forth cedars like Lebanon, so that they cannot bring forth
wild grapes.’
1
Eccl. 12.5.
2
Eccl. 12.5.
3
Cf. Cedrus prol.
4
Isai. 5.2, 4.
[8]
"'Sic enim dilectus meus ascendet palmam1
idest cathedram presulatus, in qua per vite meritum et splendorem scientie
felicius residebit, quia dedi sibi murenulas aureas puro vermiculatas argento2
et rationale, quod ferat in pectore, ut vetustissima veterum
comedat et novis supervenientibus,3
naviget per quatuor flumina Paradisi, que de rostro aquile, de hore
hominis, vituli et leonis, dictante Spiritu Sancto, manaverunt.'"
argento
vermiculatas tr. A
et rationale om. B2 et vacat spatium sex
elementarum ferat RB:
fecerat AB2SP3
comedat: comedia RB2
Paradisi: Paradissi M rostro: hostro A
de hore: et hore R et de hore AB de homine B2P3
hominis: horis P3
dictante: dicendo B2
‘For
thus my beloved ascends the palm, that is the cathedra, in which he has
been called through the merit of life and the splendor of knowledge, he
will reside happily, because I have given to him gilded myrrh-leaves vermiculated
with pure silver and a rationale which he bears on the chest, so that he
consumed the oldest of the old things and with new things supervening,
he will sail through the four rivers of Paradise, which flow from the beak
of an eagle, from the mouth of a man, of a calf, and of a lion, with the
Holy Spirit dictating.’
1
Cant. 7.8.
2
Cant. 1.10.
3
Lev. 26.10.
5.1.27
Littere capituli ad illum, qui est in episcopum electus, postquam alius
propter senectutem renuntiavit.
[1]
"Decepti protoplausti posteritas pomo felleo toxicata corruptioni sic
dignoscitur subiacere, quod nichil in stabili gradu consistere potest.
Unde omnia orta occidunt et aucta senescunt et humana conditio, quanto
plus in etate procedit, tanto magis in maiori temporis incremento decessit,
quia non patitur aliud fieri status in constantia mundialis. Cum igitur
ex etate annosa venerabilis pater et dominus noster Paduanus episcopus
pervenerit in senectam et senium,1 et deficiente naturali
calore vires corporis annullentur, utilitate ecclesie peroptans consulere,
iam renuntiavit de libero arbitrio dignitati, nobis conferens licentiam
alium eligendi. Nos vero de ipsius consilio et assensu| vos in episcopum
eligimus et pastorem, cupientes ut impotentis defectum fraternaliter supportetis,
episcopale cum placuit fastigium recepturi."
consulere]
consulerem? P om. X assensu
| [39ra]
P
1 Letters
in the Boncompagnus dealing with old age: 1.24.2-3, 1.24.6, 1.25.6,
1.25.11 §4, 1.25.13, 3.12.1,
3.14.5, 3.15.2,
5.1.27-30,
5.4.16, 5.6.32-33, 5.8.3, 5.26.5, 5.9.4, 6.2.18, 6.2.34, 6.10.18.
[2]
Si vis epistolam minorare, remoto 'igitur' sic incipe post 'mundialis':
"Cum ex etate annosa."
5.1.28
Responsiva electi electioni consentientis.
[1]
"Paduanum capitulum moribus et scientia redimitum, michi ammiranda proponit,
et maxime cum quelibet ecclesia cathedralis debeat esse presule uno contenta.
Nam et in hoc amplius iam ammiror, quod dominus episcopus, qui electioni
renuntiasse dicitur, michi suas litteras non direxit. Profecto, non sum
operarius conducticius, quod senum velim esse bauiluis vel patronis. Unde
nescio, quid vestris litteris debeam respondere."
5.1.29
Littere illius, qui per senectutem renuntiavit ad eundem electum.
[1]
"Cum ex etatis annose dispositione iam pervenerim in senium et senectam,
renuntiavi de libero arbitrio dignitati, in qua digne non poteram ministrare.
Nam occuli pre debilitate spinium iam caligant et nodosa podagra opilatis
meatibus nervos contrahit et siccat, virtus appetiva remittitur, digestiva
tepescit, retentiva distemperata siccitate succumbit, et expulsiva humiditare
soluta laxatur. Diem ergo resolutionis mee prestolor iugiter tremebundis
et solum superest michi sepulcrum. Nec aliud in vite presentis ergastulo
desidero, nisi videre desiderabilem personam vestram, que me sua claritate
illustret et illum corporeis oculis intueri, qui michi succedere debet
in officio presulatus, cuius, dum tangam finibriam vestimentorum, letificabitur
homo interior et roborabuntur genua dissoluta. Sicque in pacis osculo consentiam
in electum et ita filium et successorem generasse videbor, qui erit senectutis
mee baculus peroptatus, et in resolutione ultima cum patribus et coepiscopis
me sepelire debebit."
spinium]
spiram P
5.1.30
Responsiva electioni consentientis.
[1]
"Quamvis capitulum Paduanum fuis litteris totius electionis michi seriem
intimaverit, tamen absque vestro consensu et mandato electioni non debui
nec volui consentire. Nunc autem ad supportandum paternitatis vestre onera
quamcitius auxiliante Domino veniam, cupiens magis pro vestris obsequiis
quam episcopalis dignitatis intuitu postulatum subire laborem."
5.1.31
Littere capituli Comaclensis ad suum electum.
[1]
"Celi ennarrant gloriam ecclesie Comaclensis, que defuncto pastore vos
nuper in episcopum elegit. Quare sapientiam vestram omnes et singuli deprecamur,
quatinus deliberare velitis, quando poteritis venire Comaclum, quia duas
barcas preparare, ut vos cum ingenti honore suscipere valeamus."
5.1.32
Responsiva electi super electionem deliberare nolentis.
[1]
"Sedis Comaclensis dignitas longe lateque diffusa magnum dignum et famosum
prelatum requirit. Verumtamen quid michi sit agendum, consilium duxi requirere
amicorum."
5.1.33
Requirit amicum suum Comaclensis electus.
[1]
"Capitulum Comaclense me nuper in pastorem elegit, sed electioni consentire
vel renuntiare non duxi nisi vestre amicitie sinceritas michi prius consulerit,
quid sit in hac parte agendum."
5.1.34
Suadet sibi amicus, ut recipiat dignitatem.
[1]
"Qui episcopatum desiderat, bonum opus desiderare videtur, quoniam Christi
minister efficitur, et curam suscipit animarum. Preterea, si rerum temporalium
statum volumus diligentius intueri, 'melius est presse quam subesse', quia
cuiuslibet subditi conditio quandam respicit speciem servitutis|. In canonica
siquidem Faventina uni forte principaliter dominari potestis, sed in episcopatu
Comaclensi quatuor habebitis servitores, et in pane et vino redditus compententes,
exceptis cocolariis, in quibus capiuntur pisces, gambari et anguille. Preterea
non oportet vos in divinis officiis vel predicationibus laborare, quia
collectio totius populi Comaclensis quadrigenarium numera non transcendit
et omnes die quelibet retibus assumptis piscantur. Suscipite igitur donum,
quod vobis pater altissimus contulit, quia sepe accidere consuevit, quod
qui parva recusat, minima cum pudore peroptat."
servitutis | [39rb]
P
5.1.35
Consentit electioni electus.
[1]
"Amicorum consilio requisito electionem vestram recipere non recuso,
vestre sapientie intimando, ut ad receptionem meam vos quamcitius preparetis."
5.1.36
Suadet sibi alius, ut electioni renuntiet.
[1]
"Si nobis consilium postulatis electioni renuntiet vobis dilatione postposita
respondemus, amicitie vestre firmiter consulentes, ut electioni quamcitius
renuntiare velitis, scientes quod locus est valde infirmus et epistopatus
ille paucissimis fuit redditibus predotatus."
5.1.37
Deridet eum tertius, si electionem recepit.
[1]
"Unica vox cuculi resonat in deserto et rauca cicada flitingere non
desistit de immensitate promotionis, quam nuper in Comaclensi ecclesia
optatis habere. Pro certo valebitis plurimum colletari, cum singulariter
degetis in nemoribus paludosis, ubi, dum celebrabitis, ranunculi clamitabunt
et bussonum sibilos audietis. In estate quidem consurgent musce canine,
scimfes et mustele, testitudines caudate, serpentes, musculi, vermes, bruci,
mures, damule, talpe, vermes aranei et vespertiliones, qui ad percipiendum
solis calorem in veris pomeriis residebunt. Unde opertebit vos habere curam
talium animalium. Archidiaconus enim sacriste gerit officium, quia pulsat
campanas, accendit lampades et mundat ecclesie pavimenta. Prepositus namque
habet sollicitudinem de gallinis, et capitulum gambaros congregat in sagena."1
Comaclensi]
Comadensi Schönbach ed
degetis BX Schönbach ed] deietis M degeris P
bussonum] bufonum Schönbach ed.
scimfes B] scimphes P siinifex X cinifes Schönbach ed sanifex
M veris] vestris
Schönbach
ed habet]
habebit Schönbach ed
1
5.1.38
Littere capituli monachorum, qui abbatem de aliquo capitulo elegerunt.
[1]
"Cum dolore prius vobis cogimur intimare, quod venerabile olim dominus
et abbas noster .H. .VI. Kalend. Octobris1 debitum humanitatis
exsolvit, et secondario quod optatum recipimus gaudium post dolorem, quia
venerabilem fratrem vestrum Macharium unanimi concordia in pastorem elegimus
et abbatem, cupientes de vestri collegii claritate habere lumen, quo preeunte
per caritatis itinera gradiamur. Sic enim diffusa caritas recepit incrementum,
et maxime cum extenditur ad domesticos fidei, quibus iubemur fraterna solatia
impertiri. Sapientiam igitur vestram in Domino deprecamur, ut ipsum nobis
concedere non tardetis, scientes quod dampnosum esset ecclesie nostre,
si diu pastore careret. Nos autem in termino quem de ipsius electi consilio
prefigere volueritis, pro illo, sciut expedit, auxiliante Domino veniemus."
Macharium]
Marcham P3
1 September
26
5.1.39
Responsiva capituli concedentis electum.
[1]
"Quia vos et ecclesia vestram vestram diligimus, in visceribus karitatis
vestras preces cogimur exaudire. Unde vobis venerabilem fratrem nostram
Macharium concedimus in abbatem, cuius honestatis et conversationis opera
nostrum collegium illustrarunt. Quare inviti facimus, que optatis. Verum,
ex eo quod vocatus est in parte sollicitudinis, voluntati et desiderio
vestro contrahire non possumus nec debemus. Unde vobis tamquam fratribus
et dominis reverendis litteris presentibus| intimamus, ut pro ipso veniatis,
quandocumque se optulerit oportunitas veniendi."
presentibus
| [39va]
P
5.1.40
Littere responsiva, que denegatur electus.
[1]
"Licet vos et ecclesiam vestram diligamus in visceribus caritatis, vestras
tamen preces non possumus exaudire, quia venerabilis frater noster Macharius,
quem in vestram abbatem eligere voluistis, insufficientiam nostram et totius
ecclesie onera providentie sue humeris noscitur supportare."
5.1.41
Littere capituli divitum monachorum, qui eligunt abbatem pauperis abbatie.
[1]
"Quod fama citivola divulgavit, vestram sapientiam non credimus ignorare.
Videlicet qualiter depositionis sententia in Bonif.1
quondam Nonantulensem propter dilapidationem fuerit auctoritate summi pontificis
promulgata. Post cuius depositionem vos de communi concordia in pastorem
eligimus et abbatem, sperantes quod sicut monasterium de Musilliano provide
gubernastis, abbatis officium secundum venerabilis patris Benedicti regulam
exercentes, ita in dignitatis ascensu ascendet virtutum perfectus, et qui
super pauca fidelis extitit et benignus, super multa constitutus talenta
credita geminabit."
Bonif.
P3] Bonisu PB illeg. M
quondam om. M. pauca]
publica B
1See
GIROLAMO TIRABOSCHI (1731-1794) Storia dell'augusta
Badia di S. Silvestro di Nonantola, aggiuntovi il Codice diplomatico della
medesima (Modena 1784-85)
5.1.42
Responsiva electi consentientis et per modicam variationem in eadem renuntiare
docetur.
[1]
"Premit insufficientie collum oneris magnitudo et honoris sublimitas
multos, quandoque facit sub onore deperire. Unde vereor dimittere naviculam
consuetam, in qua cum parvis remis valeo carpere litus et ingredi navem
altissimam, que sine magno ventorum flamine non fulcat maria. Nec potest
applicare in portum nisi barcarum suffragio preeunte. Verum quia ex karitatis
officio compellor superimpositum subire laborem, electionem iuxta canonicum
ordinem et beati Benedicti regulam recipio, et voluntati vestre humiliter
condescendo."
[2]
Si vult renuntiare ita varietur post 'preeunte': "Cuius rei causa electioni
vestre penitus renuntio, volens potius esse paucitatem contempnus, quam
super possessionum multitudine tribulari."
5.1.43
Littere capituli regularium canonicorum ad illum, quem eligunt.
[1]
"Quia personam vestram non ambigimus vita et disciplina canonica refulgere,
idcirco post nostri pastoris decessum vos in patrem eligimus et priorem,
cupientes iuxta sanctorum patrum instituta et beati Augustini regulam vestre
protectionis moderamine gubernari."
5.1.44
Responsiva electi consentientis.
[1]
"Quamquam sim vita et moribus insufficiens et ad ferendum regularis
discipline onera inbecillis, nichilominus electioni vestre duxi humiliter
consentire, credens quod insufficientiam meam vestrarum virtutum merita
supportabunt."
5.1.45
Littere responsiva electi renuntiantis.
[1]
"Quia sum vita et moribus insufficiens et ad ferendum regularis discipline
onera inbecillis, idcirco electioni renuntio, credens quod insufficientiam
meam vestrarum virtutum merita denigrarent."
5.1.46
Notula doctrinalis pro variationibus.
[1]
Iste anteposite possunt in abbatem electionibus commode variari, nam ubi
dicitur 'disciplina canonica' dicatur 'disciplina monastica', et ubi dicitur
'in patrem elegimus et priorem' dicatur 'in pastorem elegimus et abbatem'.
Et ubi dicitur 'beati Augustini' dicatur 'beati Benedicti'. Item in duabus
subsequentibus, ubi dicitur 'regularis' dicatur 'monachalis'. Item due
subsequentes in electionibus abbatissarum similiter varientur. Nam et prima
epistola pro abbatissis potest commode| variari, si ubi dicitur 'post nostri
pastoris decessum', dicatur 'post nostre abbatisse decessum vos in abbatissa
elegimus et ductricem.' Et nota, quod omnes epistole que pro abbatum electionibus
sunt posite, possunt pro abbatissis mutato masculino in feminino.
com|mode [39vb]
P
***
© Steven
M. Wight, Los Angeles 1998
Scrineum©
Università di Pavia 1999